GradingApr 19, 2021
Here’s What SSEF Found When It Studied High-Quality Afghan Emeralds SourcingNov 18, 2021
Scientists Found This New Deep-Earth Mineral Trapped in a Diamond
Davemaoite isn’t found in nature because it can’t survive outside the high-pressure environment of Earth’s mantle.
Geochemists at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas discovered a new mineral that was carried to Earth’s surface in this diamond. (Photo credit: Aaron Celestian, Los Angeles County Natural History Museum)
Las Vegas—Inclusions are important not only in the study of their host gemstones but also for other scientific disciplines, and one recent discovery shows how much scientists rely on these imperfections to further their understanding.
The University of Nevada, Las Vegas said in a statement that its geochemists recently discovered a mineral never observed in nature thanks to a diamond that carried it to the surface.
The mineral—a calcium silicate perovskite dubbed “davemaoite”—was found trapped in a diamond and traveled up to the Earth’s surface from at least 410 miles deep in the lower mantle, located between the planet’s core and crust.
The mineral was theorized to exist but hadn’t ever been observed before since many lower-mantle minerals can only exist in a high-pressure environment; they “fall apart” before reaching the surface, UNLV said.
The strength of its host diamond—a greenish, octahedral-shaped stone—allowed the davemaoite to survive and make it to the top, where UNLV’s geochemists could study it.
UNLV mineralogist Oliver Tschauner, who studies “super-deep diamonds” to see what they can teach us about the Earth’s interior and led the study published in Science this month, believes davemaoite formed between 410 and 560 miles below the Earth’s surface.
The recently discovered specimen appears as “infinitesimal small dark specks” in the diamond, where it was secure.
But, “When we broke open the diamond, the [mineral] stayed intact for about a second, then we saw it expand and bulge under the microscope and basically turn into glass,” Tschauner is quoted as saying in New Scientist.
Related stories will be right here …
The University of Nevada, Las Vegas said in a statement that its geochemists recently discovered a mineral never observed in nature thanks to a diamond that carried it to the surface.
The mineral—a calcium silicate perovskite dubbed “davemaoite”—was found trapped in a diamond and traveled up to the Earth’s surface from at least 410 miles deep in the lower mantle, located between the planet’s core and crust.
The mineral was theorized to exist but hadn’t ever been observed before since many lower-mantle minerals can only exist in a high-pressure environment; they “fall apart” before reaching the surface, UNLV said.
The strength of its host diamond—a greenish, octahedral-shaped stone—allowed the davemaoite to survive and make it to the top, where UNLV’s geochemists could study it.
UNLV mineralogist Oliver Tschauner, who studies “super-deep diamonds” to see what they can teach us about the Earth’s interior and led the study published in Science this month, believes davemaoite formed between 410 and 560 miles below the Earth’s surface.
The recently discovered specimen appears as “infinitesimal small dark specks” in the diamond, where it was secure.
But, “When we broke open the diamond, the [mineral] stayed intact for about a second, then we saw it expand and bulge under the microscope and basically turn into glass,” Tschauner is quoted as saying in New Scientist.
The inclusions are only 5-10 micron in diameter, so Tschauner and his team analyzed its interior using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and infrared transmission spectrometry, finishing with laser-ablation ICP-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) for a full chemical analysis.
He said the material analyzed by LA-ICP-MS is gone, but added they scanned the sample by micro-X-ray diffraction afterward and found a weak signal of davemaoite, thereby noting there was still some material left inside.
The diamond was recovered from Botswana’s Orapa mine in the 1980s. The specimen was originally part of the California Institute of Technology mineral collection, which acquired it from a diamond dealer in 1987.
Davemaoite is one of three main minerals in Earth’s lower mantle and makes up about 5-7 percent of the material there, Tschauner told Nature. Importantly, it can host three of the major elements that affect heat production in Earth’s lower mantle.
The International Mineralogical Association (IMA) has officially approved davemaoite as a new natural mineral.
It was named in honor of Ho-Kwang “Dave” Mao, an experimental geophysicist who created many of the techniques still used by scientists like Tschauner and his colleagues today.
The specimen studied by UNLV is now in the collection of the Los Angeles County Natural History Museum.
More on Sourcing
The Latest
MajorsNov 29, 2022
LVMH Acquires Jewelry Manufacturer Pedemonte GroupThe strategic acquisition will bolster the luxury titan’s production capacity in its watch and jewelry division.
CollectionsNov 29, 2022
Alex and Ani Founder Carolyn Rafaelian Has Launched a Fine Jewelry LineThe new brand, Metal Alchemist, focuses on unisex, classic jewelry designs.
IndependentsNov 29, 2022
Reinhold Jewelers’ Holiday Book Is an Ode to an Important Beverage The 2022 edition of the retailer’s annual publication pays homage to the coffee farms and shops of Puerto Rico.
Brought to you by
Knowledge and Skills for Today’s Hot TopicsFrom laboratory-grown diamonds to design to country-of-origin, GIA's Alumni Collective™ has a seminar to suite your needs.
CollectionsNov 29, 2022
Gabriel & Co.’s ‘Fashion Book’ Is OutNot a catalog, the magazine is a tool for Gabriel & Co. retailers to connect with their customers.
Weekly QuizNov 18, 2022
This Week’s QuizTest your knowledge of the latest jewelry news with this quick test.
MajorsNov 29, 2022
Claire’s to Open Shop-in-Shops in Select U.S. Macy’s Stores The partnership brings Claire’s jewelry and accessories to 20 Macy’s locations in time for the holiday season.
MajorsNov 28, 2022
Pomellato’s New Videos Raise Awareness of Violence Against WomenStarring CEO Sabina Belli and other celebrities, the videos emphasize the importance of supporting women who have experienced abuse.
Brought to you by
Diamond Shoppers’ 2022 Holiday Wish ListGive your customers the best diamond buying experience this holiday season.
IndependentsNov 28, 2022
Bert Kalisher, an Industry Veteran Who Loved Making Connections, Dies at 97 Kalisher started out manufacturing watch bands and later got into publishing, authoring two books and serving as publisher of Chronos.
Events & AwardsNov 28, 2022
Registration Is Open for AGA’s Annual Tucson Conference Scheduled for Feb. 1, the event will feature six gemological education presentations and three hands-on sessions.
MajorsNov 28, 2022
The Kingswood Co. Is One of U.S.’s Fastest-Growing Companies AgainThe jewelry cleaner manufacturer jumped up to No. 3066 on the Inc. 5000 list.
AuctionsNov 23, 2022
This Sapphire Tiara Once Owned by a Danish Princess Is Going to AuctionThe Dec. 1 jewelry sale at Bonhams-owned Bruun Rasmussen will have several other pieces of royal jewelry on the block.
FinancialsNov 23, 2022
Movado Lowers Guidance Amid ‘Uncertain’ Retail EnvironmentIts Q3 sales dipped as inflation took its toll on shoppers in the U.S. and Europe.
MajorsNov 23, 2022
De Beers Jewellers Is Popping Up in ConnecticutThe temporary store is the result of a collaboration with Betteridge.
CollectionsNov 23, 2022
Piece of the Week: Rembrandt’s Turkey CharmCharm fans will gobble up this festive “Piece of the Week” pick.
AuctionsNov 22, 2022
Jewelry Recovered from Sunken ‘Ship of Gold’ Heads to Auction The S.S. Central America sank in 1857 off the coast of South Carolina, carrying tons of gold from the California Gold Rush.
IndependentsNov 22, 2022
See the Greek Jewels Going to Auction for CharitySeveral Greek jewelry designers have donated pieces to the annual Hellenic Initiative silent auction.
Events & AwardsNov 22, 2022
Hodinkee to Receive Gem Award for Watch ExcellencePlus, see this year’s list of nominees for the Jewelry Design, Media Excellence, and Retail Excellence awards.
TechnologyNov 21, 2022
Version 2.0 of the NDC’s ‘Assure’ Directory Is Now LiveAssure is the program the Natural Diamond Council launched in 2019 to test lab-grown diamond screening devices.
MajorsNov 21, 2022
JK Findings Acquires Intercept Silver & Jewelry CareIntercept Silver & Jewelry Care distributes anti-corrosion and anti-tarnish products.
MajorsNov 21, 2022
David Yurman Just Opened a Palm Beach OutpostIt’s located on famed shopping street Worth Avenue.
EditorsNov 18, 2022
9 of My Favorite Pieces from the AGTA Spectrum Awards Editors’ DaySenior Editor Brecken Branstrator’s highlights include a chrome tourmaline ring, a giant opal necklace, and an American mined stone.
CrimeNov 18, 2022
Jewelry Store Security Guard Killed in Armed RobberyPolice in Calumet City, Illinois are looking for several suspects involved in the robbery of a jewelry store in the River Oaks Mall.
MajorsNov 18, 2022
AGS Adds Sumit Dangi to Board of DirectorsDangi is global chief financial officer and treasurer at Jewelers Mutual Group.
CollectionsNov 18, 2022
Piece of the Week: Tabayer’s ‘Oera’ PendantThe brand’s signature shape is rendered in an autumn-appropriate color palette.
GradingNov 17, 2022
GIA Labs Report Receiving 2 Moissanites Submitted as Diamonds The discoveries were outlined in the Lab Notes section of the fall 2022 issue of Gems & Gemology.
MajorsNov 17, 2022
Boucheron’s Magical Holiday Campaign Has Landed“Boucheron Wonderland” showcases best-selling styles, high jewelry, and some familiar faces.
